Description: New guidelines recommend that doctors not immediately turn to anti-epileptic drugs following a child's first seizure. The guidelines apply to seizures that are "unprovoked" by trauma such as a head injury or some other known cause. The guidelines from the American Academy of Neurology and the Child Neurology Society reverse the current standard practice, in which doctors generally medicate a child despite the fact that only one-third to one-half will have another seizure, according to Deborah Hirtz, MD, pediatric neurologist at the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke.